This course provides an introduction to makeup water for Industrial water systems. Many installations use fresh water and, often, potable water. Makeup water, often referred to as “makeup,” is fresh water that is added to an industrial water system to replace water lost by blowdown, evaporation, wind drift, leaks, steam, humidification, or withdrawal from these systems. The usual source of makeup water is the installation's potable water supply. This source is water that has been conditioned and is usually of a very uniform quality from day to day. Other sources of makeup water could include groundwater obtained from shallow or deep wells, or surface water from streams or holding ponds. These sources are not treated to the extent that the potable water source is treated. Still another source is reuse water (i.e., water that is “used” and reclaimed and not rated as potable). Course Outline 1. MAKEUP WATER FOR INDUSTRIAL WATER SYSTEMS 2. MAKEUP WATER TREATMENT METHODS This is an introduction to the techniques and methods treating industrial water systems makeup water.

Learning Objectives

• Learn about different sources of makeup water;
• Learn the reasons for treating makeup water;
• Learn criteria for treating makeup water for high temperature hot water systems;
• Learn the methods for removal/reduction of calcium and magnesium impurities from makeup water;
• Learn how aeration is employed to remove dissolved iron; and
• Learn how to remove dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and methane.