E – 1705 A Guide to Asbestos in Construction and Industry

Asbestos is the generic term for a group of naturally occurring fibrous minerals with high tensile strength, flexibility, and resistance to thermal, chemical and electrical conditions. In the construction industry, asbestos is found in products such as shingles, floor tiles, cement pipes and sheets, roofing felts, insulation, ceiling tiles, fire-resistant drywall, and acoustical products. Very few asbestos-containing products are currently being installed. Consequently, most worker exposures occur during the removal of asbestos and the renovation and maintenance of buildings and structures containing asbestos. Asbestos fibers enter the body by the inhalation or ingestion of airborne particles that become embedded in the tissues of the respiratory or digestive systems. Exposure to asbestos can cause disabling or fatal diseases, such as asbestosis, lung cancer, mesothelioma, and gastrointestinal cancer. The symptoms of these diseases generally do not appear for 20 or more years after initial exposure. OSHA began regulating workplace asbestos exposure in 1970. In1994, OSHA issued a revised final standard halving the Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) to 0.1 fibers per cubic centimeter of air (f/cc). Approximately 3.2 million workers in construction, building renovation, and maintenance and custodial1 work in buildings and industrial facilities are affected by the standard. OSHA estimates that about 42 additional